Transmission slipping, hard to stay in gear

The automatic transmission in my 2010 Ford Fusion started slipping while I was driving to work the other day. By the time I was driving home, the slipping was so bad that I got off the highway to drive at lower speed. Now it won’t go into gear. The transmission and drivetrain in general only had 30,000 miles on it. Is there some error in driving style that I may have made which could cause this? I drive pretty reasonably.
Experienced mechanics share their insights in answering this question :
Automatic transmissions have been called “slush boxes” for years by old drag racers. The main reason for this name is they are a fluid driven device. Because of this, fluid level and condition are crucial to proper operation. Unfortunately, the 2010 Fusion is susceptible to fluid leaks from the driver’s side output shaft seal as identified in Technical Service Bulletin (TSB) 150079. Should this seal be leaking, the technician will have to inspect internal components per the TSB. Low fluid can wreak havoc on the internals of an automatic transmission, so I would strongly suggest you have the vehicle towed rather than try to drive it further. Once the technician is able to put the correct amount of fluid in the transmission, proper operation must be verified to ensure no further damage has been done. Provided the bushing, seal, and fluid are the only required parts, repair costs are fairly low but if the transmission sustained damage from fluid loss, the price may be exponentially higher. Contact YourMechanic for an estimate.

How to Identify and Fix Common car Problems ?

Our sources include academic articles, blog posts, and personal essays from experienced mechanics :

The number one cause of all transmission problems, from slipping to abnormal sounds, is low transmission fluid.
Low transmission fluid is one of the most common reasons for a slipping transmission. The most likely culprit is a problem in your system that`s causing the transmission fluid to leak.
In an automatic transmission, slipping can be caused by wear and tear on numerous different parts. These include damaged or worn clutch plates, transmission bands, and solenoid packs. If your automatic transmission has been slipping, it`s likely a technician will replace some or all of these parts to fix the problem.
What is the fix for a slipping transmission? It`s simple. Just pop the hood of your vehicle, locate the transmission switch, and change the setting from “SLIP” to “STABLE” . . . If only it were that easy.
The Turbine Shaft Sensor measures input shaft speed. The PCM uses the information provided by the TSS to determine whether or not the transmission is slipping.
When a shifter becomes hard to move, it is usually the interlock cable. AKA, shift cable. This cable slides in a housing and connects directly to the transmission. When this cables becomes worn, it gets hard to move inside the housing.
To put it briefly, no you should never drive your vehicle if you believe there to be an issue with your transmission in any case. Once a transmission starts slipping it needs to immediately be repaired. Every time you drive it after you feel your transmission slip, it is a risk.
If no leaks are detected, you can add more fluid. In addition to preventing slippage, this will lubricate your vehicle`s mechanical parts, maintain proper fluid pressure, keep the transmission system cool, prevent oxidation, condition the gasket, and prevent any problematic rust formation.
Transmission bands can wear out and cause slipping.

To fix this problem, the defective bands should be replaced. Sometimes the bands are fine and only need adjustment. The clutch plates might also need to be replaced or adjusted.

You might expect that the first step in fixing a slipping transmission is changing or flushing the fluid, but that`s not always the case. A fluid and filter refresh can help in some cases, but not always—read on. If the transmission is slipping, it likely means it already has worn internal components.
This includes speed sensors that tell your transmission how and when to change gears. If your speed sensor is sending incorrect data, it can lead to hard shifting and other drivability problems.
This means that it is not shifting smoothly from gear to gear or that it is not staying fully in gear as you drive. This can be the sign of internal damage or it may just mean you are due for a standard transmission service to replace the transmission fluid, filter and pan gasket.
This happens because, if the master cylinder and/or release cylinder is damaged or leaks, it can cause loss of pressure on the fluid, this can make the clutch not disengage properly. If the clutch and engine do not disengage properly, the manual transmission will be hard to shift all gears, or fail to shift entirely.
Typically with transmission slipping, it may feel as if your gears are changing for no logical reason. Your engine may start to create a whining sound or pitch when it occurs. Alternatively, it may feel like you haven`t got enough power to drive at the desired speed.
A damaged fin or bearing in the torque converter can cause hesitation in the transmission shifting, or the transmission to slip out of gear entirely. This is because the engine torque is not being efficiently converted into the hydraulic pressure needed to shift gears within the transmission.
Repairs are cheaper than transmission replacements and rebuilds. Average transmission repair costs range from $300 to $1,400. For example, if your manual transmission needs a new clutch, you can reasonably expect to pay around $800 to $1,500.
Rusting, power failure, irregular pressure, missing equipment, an incorrect amount of voltage or current, dirt stuck in the system and corrosion are some of the possible reasons why a solenoid valve may not properly close or open.
a problem with one or more of the solenoids can cause a lack of pressure, resulting in hard, soft or delayed shifts. a failed shift solenoid can also cause transmission slippage, where your engine revs faster but the car stays at the same speed.
Transmission fluid will become foamy if there is too much fluid. Excessive fluid prohibits proper lubrication and cooling and slows the rotating crankshaft, similar to the effect of running through water.
Lucas Transmission Fix is a non-solvent formula that stops slip, hesitation, and rough shifting in worn transmissions. Completely eliminates most seal leaks. Use in any transmission for preventative maintenance.
Maintain Proper Transmission Fluid Levels

The #1 cause of transmission failure is low fluid, which causes overheating. In automatic transmissions, it causes delayed engagement, harsh shifts, and slippage.

When the torque converter starts malfunctioning, you may feel shuddering and even slipping in overdrive. You usually notice your car shuddering because it feels like it`s vibrating. Your car will vibrate even when you`re not going very fast. The shuddering makes the car lag and is very noticeable.
Shifting Problems– Clogged filters will make it hard to switch gears. If your car isn`t shifting smoothly, or if it hesitates or slips when you try to shift, you could have any number of transmission problems, so it`s best to have a professional look at it.
Automatic: Every 60,000 to 100,000 miles

If you drive manual, most manufacturers will recommend changing your transmission fluid every 30,000 to 60,000 miles. If you have automatic, you can typically boost that range up to 60,000 to 100,000 miles. There`s no harm in changing your fluid early.

Relevant Questions and Answers :

the most relevant questions and answers related to your specific issue

Loose gearbox that won’t find 2nd or 5th gear, sometimes hard to differentiate between 1st and 3rd.
ANSWER : There are a couple of possibilities. The first thing that comes to mind is of course the shifter itself. There is a nylon ball and socket joint at the base of the gearshift lever that sometimes falls apart, making the feel of the shifter very vague. Additionally, there are links to the transmission shift linkage that involve nylon bushings and joints that can fall apart. Both problems are very common on your car. The other less common possibility is that you have a bad motor mount that is allowing the transmission to move around too much when you try to shift gears. either way, it’s not a big deal to fix, and probably won’t require expensive transmission work. If you contact Your Mechanic, they can send a technician to your home or office to check out you shifting issue and let you know what repairs it will take to correct it.

my transmission is "slipping" 3% of the time
ANSWER : Hello. From what you describe, it would appear that your transmission is beginning to slip. This can be caused by many things. The first thing I would do is check the vehicle’s transmission. Automatic transmission use fluid pressure to operate, and will have all sorts of issues if the fluid is low or dirty. If the fluid checks out, I would then move on to looking at the transmission itself. It may be possible that one of the components, such as a sensor or solenoid may be going out and causing your issue. It may also be possible that the transmission is simply worn out and can no longer hold the engine torque, perhaps due to a worn clutch pack, valve body, or torque converter. In these cases of removal and overhaul of the transmission is required. You may be able to continue driving the vehicle, however, because it may cause the symptoms to worsen over time if the issue is not quickly addressed.

Transmission slipping, hard to stay in gear
ANSWER : Automatic transmissions have been called “slush boxes” for years by old drag racers. The main reason for this name is they are a fluid driven device. Because of this, fluid level and condition are crucial to proper operation. Unfortunately, the 2010 Fusion is susceptible to fluid leaks from the driver’s side output shaft seal as identified in Technical Service Bulletin (TSB) 150079. Should this seal be leaking, the technician will have to inspect internal components per the TSB. Low fluid can wreak havoc on the internals of an automatic transmission, so I would strongly suggest you have the vehicle towed rather than try to drive it further. Once the technician is able to put the correct amount of fluid in the transmission, proper operation must be verified to ensure no further damage has been done. Provided the bushing, seal, and fluid are the only required parts, repair costs are fairly low but if the transmission sustained damage from fluid loss, the price may be exponentially higher. Contact YourMechanic for an estimate.

over revving and gears bang in hard each time
ANSWER : Hello there, thanks for writing in about your 1997 Honda Prelude. Your engine will not cause the transmission to slip and shift hard. You will need to have the transmission checked for proper pressures and shift solenoid operation. This could also be due to a valve body sticking. If you would like to have this checked, a certified technician from YourMechanic can come to your car’s location to diagnose the potential transmission slip and the banging noise that you are hearing while shifting.

My manual car won’t go into gear, it turns on and the clutch goes down perfectly fine. It happened after my gears grinded, the car
ANSWER : If the clutch mechanism is releasing properly, and the shift linkage is not malfunctioning, your transmission will have to be removed from the vehicle and inspected. Once a transmission has been removed from a vehicle, if the problem is a broken or worn part or parts, and the transmission has 100,000 miles or more, the most cost effective approach is to just simply rebuild the whole transmission. There are transmission rebuild kits that are sold just for this purpose. Rebuilding a transmission is no big deal and is indeed easier in many respects than rebuilding an engine. You can rebuild your transmission right in your own garage. You can NOT rebuild an engine in your own garage due to the highly specialized, and extremely costly, machine shop equipment required. Occasionally, mobile mechanics will take on a transmission rebuild job especially as once the mechanic removes the transmission from the vehicle, it is just simply a modular unit that can be easily transported to a mechanic’s shop and rebuilt right there and then returned to your vehicle. If you have further questions or concerns, do not hesitate to re-contact YourMechanic as we are always here to help you.

My clutch went from a slip in one gear to all 6 gears to sticking to the floor all in under 3 hours of non consecutive driving.
ANSWER : Hi there, thanks for writing in. It’s entirely possible that a component failed. For instance, if the clutch pressure plate failed, then the clutch pedal will feel very spongy and can cause the car to slip and be very difficult to shift. If it has a dampened flywheel, and that fails, then the car may lose the ability to go anywhere. It will go into gear fine, but will not move forward. If a clutch release lever failed, it may no longer release the clutch enough to allow gear changes, though slipping would be minimal. A failing hydraulic component could also cause the clutch to fail very quickly. Based on the symptoms, I think that the pressure plate has failed, but it’s impossible to say for sure without seeing the car in person. You should have a qualified technician, such as one from YourMechanic, inspect your car and diagnose your clutch issue.

Transmission slips out of fifth gear, makes grinding sounds
ANSWER : This is possibly a transmission shifter adjustment issue (5th gear, non-engagement). The noise issue may be related, but it is potentially serious regardless. You don’t mention what kind of "transmission problems" caused you to have the clutch repaired, but that problem may be related as well. Regardless, you should have the slipping issue inspected by a professional, like one from YourMechanic, before driving it further.

Transmission slips out of fifth gear
ANSWER : Hi there, thanks for writing in about your 1993 Mazda MX-6. It sounds like a mis-adjusted shifter linkage or a worn shift fork for 5th gear. Either or both of these could cause the 5th gear to not stay engaged as desired. I recommend having a professional, such as one from YourMechanic, inspect the slipping issue in order to pinpoint the problem and assist you with the appropriate repairs.