Shifting problems at high speed

The car has developed transmission issues, more specifically, shifting difficulty at higher speeds. When I'm driving at the speed of 65 mph and higher, I'm not able to shift gears. This has lasted for awhile now. I used to manage to shift by decelerating first and then applying the gas pedal again. Now this issue is worse. It would occasionally start shifting after driving for a while. While driving at lower speeds, I haven't experienced any problems. What could be wrong?
Experienced mechanics share their insights in answering this question :
My guess is that the overdrive relay or solenoid has failed. If either of these parts fail, your Volvo will not shift into overdrive. This is a very common problem on Volvos such as yours. A trained professional, such as one from YourMechanic, will be able to diagnose your shifting issue firsthand to determine if this is indeed the cause.

How to Identify and Fix Common car Problems ?

Our sources include academic articles, blog posts, and personal essays from experienced mechanics :

One main reason why the automatic transmission in your car may not be shifting smoothly is the ECM is going bad. It is best to get this checked out by an experienced auto mechanic technician who understands the electrical system. Other indicators include bad connections within, or worn out sensors and faulty solenoids.
Why the Transmission Won`t Shift Gears. One reason why an automatic transmission isn`t shifting into gear has to do with the fluid. If it`s not at the right level or the incorrect type has been used, then it`ll affect the gears. Another big reason has to do with the ECM possibly going bad.
If you do start to hear these noises when shifting gears, they are certainly a cause for concern. Low transmission fluid and worn-out gears can be the culprit – and computerized sensors and solenoids can cause clunking if they send the wrong information to your car`s gearbox.
The Vehicle Speed Sensor measures vehicle speed. When it fails the transmission can stop shifting or shift late and harsh. A bad VSS may also inhibit overdrive and the converter clutch.
Maintain Proper Transmission Fluid Levels

The #1 cause of transmission failure is low fluid, which causes overheating. In automatic transmissions, it causes delayed engagement, harsh shifts, and slippage.

If you have an automatic transmission and your transmission fluid is low or if it is too old, it could start making a clunking noise. This is because there isn`t enough lubrication and cooling for the different parts of your transmission. It could also mean that your transmission is failing.
This is because there is a slight free play in the parking-lock mechanism. Under these conditions, there is likely to be a “clunk” when you shift the lever out of “P” as the lock is released. This is not abnormal and nothing to be concerned about.
MAP – The Manifold Absolute Pressure sensor creates a signal based on vacuum levels in the intake manifold, which indicates engine load. A faulty MAP sensor can cause late, harsh shifts, early / soft shifts, or even prevent the transmission from shifting at all.
Improper Or Harsh Shifting

When there`s no speed signal coming from the sensors, shifting of gears will be a problem because the powertrain control module won`t control them correctly. This will make the transmission not work properly. It will either shift more quickly or roughly than expected.

Turn off your vehicle`s ignition and wait patiently for 5 to 10 seconds. Start the engine and allow it to idle for several seconds. Switch off the ignition and wait patiently for another 30 to 40 seconds. Repeat these steps 2 to 3 times in order to reset your vehicle`s transmission control module.
Shifting delays are often caused by many things but most commonly due to poor maintenance or high mileage. Transmission fluid, in addition to acting as a coolant, keeps internal seals lubricated to help prevent hardening or wearing out.
Transmission: If your car hesitates when accelerating, then this could be due to a transmission clutch slippage, which is usually caused by low or old transmission fluid. Other causes with your transmission could be an old transmission oil pump, damaged clutches, or a clutch solenoid failure.

Relevant Questions and Answers :

the most relevant questions and answers related to your specific issue

Transmission shift hard after high speed driving but shifts normal after engine is off for a while.
ANSWER : Hi there. Transmission fluid should be flushed every 50,000 miles to help avoid issues like you are experiencing. So, it’s probably a good idea to have your transmission fluid flushed and filter replaced, as the obstruction of debris or worn out fluid can cause the hard to shift issue you’re experiencing.

Shifting problems at high speed
ANSWER : My guess is that the overdrive relay or solenoid has failed. If either of these parts fail, your Volvo will not shift into overdrive. This is a very common problem on Volvos such as yours. A trained professional, such as one from YourMechanic, will be able to diagnose your shifting issue firsthand to determine if this is indeed the cause.

Shifting into 2nd at high RPM
ANSWER : Hi there. It is very possible that the speed sensor or shift solenoid is the primary source of this type of issue with the first to second shift. However, a worn out torque converter or an obstruction inside the transmission hydraulic lines can also produce similar symptoms. Since you recently had the fluid and filter changed, it would expect the sensors as being the primary culprit. I would suggest having a professional mobile mechanic come to your location to complete a Check Engine Light inspection, as the code you offered is a specific GMC code that indicates a general transmission problem. The detailed CEL inspection will download the OBD-II codes that we need to accurately determine the source.

recently my Safari started "hesitating" or " shifting" roughly when shifting at low speeds. doesn’t do it all the time
ANSWER : Hi there. Many electronically controlled transmissions are computer controlled. With that said, the input signals for the engine can have a direct affect on the transmission behavior. Do no rely on scan tool recommendations because it is just that, a recommendation and not a diagnosis. Think of the scan tool you witnessed as a tool to sell parts, nothing more. A capable scan tool provides more than codes; it provides live data to the technician to aid in the diagnosis. When the computer sees an operating condition that is out of specification it sets a code; it does not know what or why, but only that it is out of spec. The code leads the technician to the system that has the fault; it does not diagnose it. Before you do anything, have the battery tested. A bad cell or low state of health can wreak havoc on an electrical system. I suggest having a qualified technician perform an inspection to avoid replacing unnecessary parts. Your Mechanic has several technicians available that can assist you with a check engine light inspection and a car is shifting hard inspection.

Shifts in high rpm at very low speeds
ANSWER : What you are describing may be a result of a faulty speed sensor, potentially low transmission fluid or a even a faulty transmission control solenoid. As your vehicle travels down the road, the computer analyzes data being sent by vehicle speed sensors and engine speed sensors. Based on this information, the Engine Control Unit (ECU), or the Transmission Control Unit (TCM), executes the appropriate upshifts and downshifts by sending a signal to one of several shift solenoids. These transmission solenoids have spring-loaded plungers inside them, which are wrapped with wire. When this coil of wire receives an electrical charge from the TCM / ECU, it causes these plungers to open, allowing transmission fluid to flow into the valve body and pressurize the desired clutches and bands. When this happens, the transmission changes gears and you continue down the road. The computer controls the transmission solenoid in several ways. If the vehicle is equipped with a dedicated Transmission Control Unit, it can open or close the hydraulic circuit using a direct 12v signal. In some cases, the Engine Control Unit (ECU) can control the solenoid’s plunger by turning the ground circuit on and off. When this is not working properly, this can cause a jerking reaction, a delay in shifting or in some cases may cause the transmission to hesitate in shifting gears. I would recommend having a professional from YourMechanic come to your location to diagnose and inspect your transmission.

Ac compressor clutch isn’t engaging on high fan speed setting while it engages on the prior three fan speeds which are all slow.
ANSWER : The blower not working is most likely due to a fault with the blower resistor. When you go to high blower speeds the A/C may disengage the compressor if the cycling switch cycles or the high pressure switch gets over pressurized, shutting the compressor off. The first thing to do is to get the blower working correctly then test the A/C pressures using A/C gauges. If you’d like to get this fixed, consider YourMechanic, as a certified technician can diagnose your A/C issue and fix it accordingly. Good luck.

My van is shifting very slowly, I have to mash down on the gas to get enough speed for it to shift. Could it be the speed sensor?
ANSWER : Hi there. It is possible that your issue is caused by a faulty speed sensor or just an obstruction of transmission fluid that needs to be flushed. It’s probably a good idea to have a professional mechanic come to your location and complete a car is hard to shift inspection so they can determine what is causing this problem and recommend the right repairs.

Car does not engage drive when cold, after it warms up shift into drive with no problem. No grinding ect.
ANSWER : The oil pump in your transmission is probably worn out. The oil pump produces the hydraulic pressure that the transmission uses to engage the forward clutch. As the transmission warms up and some of the clearances tighten up, there is just enough pressure to make it work, but soon it probably won’t work at all. If you haven’t changed the fluid and filter, you may be able to extend the life of the transmission some with that service, but eventually you will probably need to get an transmission or an overhaul. To get a hands on opinion, you can contact Your Mechanic They can send a technician to your home or office to check out your transmission problem and tell you for sure what it will take to solve your problem.