Master cylinder issues with vehicle. Hard to stop.

Brake pedal occasionally goes all the way to the floor and I have to pump it to stop the car. I was told it could be a master cylinder booster or the master cylinder itself.
Experienced mechanics share their insights in answering this question :
The booster won’t make your pedal go to the floor. If you bled all the brakes, and there are no leaks, then it’s most likely the master cylinder. You can take them apart and clean them, but if the seals are too bad then you should just replace then bleed the brakes again. A mechanic from YourMechanic can do the above as well as perform a brake safety inspection if you would like.

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The classic symptom of a failing master cylinder is a brake pedal that “dives” or sinks slowly to the floor while pedal pressure is being applied. Another sign to look out for is any leaks around the master cylinder. If a seal is worn out, it may leak past the seal and onto the pushrod that attaches to the brake pedal.
This pressure travels from the master cylinder, through the brake line, and acts on the brake caliper and brake rotor. However, if air bubbles are in the brake line, hydraulic pressure is reduced, making your entire braking system less effective and your vehicle more difficult to control.
Function. The master cylinder, also known as the master brake cylinder, converts the pressure on the brake pedal to hydraulic pressure by feeding brake fluid into the brake circuit and controlling this according to the mechanical force.
In the Car: With the brake system bled, pump the brakes a few times and hold. The brake pedal should be firm. If the brake pedal is spongy, this could indicate air remaining in the lines or a mechanical problem, such as a sticking brake caliper slider.
Yes master cylinders can fail without leakage, the clutch master cylinder has a piston inside and there are separate channels for hi-pressure line and return(low pressure) line and their location in the cylinder differs for manufacturers.
Faulty Brake Master Cylinder

If the brake master cylinder is faulty, it may not be able to generate enough hydraulic pressure to operate the brakes, resulting in a hard brake pedal.

If you have a stiff brake pedal and the vehicle has a vacuum pump or hydraulic brake booster, some common issues could be a missing serpentine belt, a failing electric pump, or low power steering fluid.
In some cases, pressure will get through, but when the brakes are released, the blockage prevents pressure from releasing back to the master cylinder causing the brake to drag.
A 1” master cylinder creates 127.4 PSI as compared to a 7/8” master cylinder which is 166.7 PSI based on your foot making 100 pounds of force at the master cylinder. It is important to consider that the smaller cylinder makes more pressure but the smaller bore will move less fluid.
A failed master cylinder can cause a low or spongy brake pedal but generally does not make any noises. If however you hear a loud hissing sound when the brakes are applied, the power/vacuum brake booster may have a vacuum leak.
A bad master cylinder can cause your brakes to fail, which can be extremely dangerous. If you`re experiencing any brake problems, make sure to take your car to a mechanic right away to have it checked out or change the master cylinder yourself.

Relevant Questions and Answers :

the most relevant questions and answers related to your specific issue

Master cylinder issues with vehicle. Hard to stop.
ANSWER : The booster won’t make your pedal go to the floor. If you bled all the brakes, and there are no leaks, then it’s most likely the master cylinder. You can take them apart and clean them, but if the seals are too bad then you should just replace then bleed the brakes again. A mechanic from YourMechanic can do the above as well as perform a brake safety inspection if you would like.

I have no clutch it goes to the floor and I cannot find the slave master cylinder for the clutch master cylinder please send pics
ANSWER : The reservoir supplying the fluid to both cylinders is the brake master cylinder reservoir. However, adequate fluid there means nothing as a diagnostic. The clutch slave and/or master cylinder could be leaking internally (no visible external leak) or there could be air in the clutch hydraulic system that will have to be bled out. There are other mechanical causes of the clutch pedal going to the floor but in your circumstances that hydraulic circuit should be looked at first. If you desire a diagnostic, and repair of this issue, right at your location, please request a clutch system inspection. If you request that inspection, the responding certified mechanic will get this taken care of for you. If you have further questions or concerns, do not hesitate to re-contact YourMechanic as we are always here to help you.

Is there vibrations and humming that gets louder when speed is increased then stops when vehicle stops a wheel bearing problem
ANSWER : From what you describe it is the front wheel bearings in the front hubs that need replaced. You should also check the tires for uneven wear and need for tire rotation or alignment issues causing uneven tire wear.

Car slightly shutters when coming to an abrupt stop applying brakes hard. Failing master cylinder?
ANSWER : This may be a sign of warped brake rotors. As you may know, when you press on your brake pedal, this activates a hydraulic pressure which forces small pistons inside your brake calipers to push the brake pads against the brake rotors which is what causes the stopping power you are familiar with. When this happens, an enormous amount of heat is generated due to the friction between the brake pads and rotors. As the brake rotors eventually cool down and then heat up again the next time you press on the brakes, over time this can cause them to warp slightly causing very small low spots on the surface of the brake rotor. When this happens and the brake pads are applied again to the rotors, this causes an uneven surface (on the rotor) to be applied to the flat surface brake pad, which can cause a vibration, shaking or very loud grinding sound. I would recommend having an expert from YourMechanic come to your location to diagnose and replace your brake rotors.

Replaced master cylinder and brakes still going to the floor and not working. Bed both master cylinders and each wheel.
ANSWER : Hi, thanks for writing in. At first it sounds like you may still have air in the system. The other option is that you may have a leak somewhere. Try to bleed the master cylinder and the lines again. The new master cylinder must be bench bled off of the vehicle exactly as the instructions say. The other problem could be a leak on the system. You should check for drips, puddles forming, or other signs of leaking brake fluid. Worst case scenario, the replacement master cylinder may have come to you faulty in the first place. This is rare but can happen, especially when it comes to remanufactured master cylinders. New ones typically don’t have issues. If you would like help, consider having an expert automotive technician from YourMechanic come to your home or office to inspect and diagnose this issue for you, and make or suggest any repairs as needed.

I just replaced my brake master cylinder and the brakes still feel soft. What do I need to do after I replace the master cylinder
ANSWER : From what you’ve described you will have to bleed your brakes. Also, I believe you may have a leak in one of the lines. You may want to use a wrench and tighten the lines a little more. If you’re unable to fix this yourself, consider YourMechanic, as one of our mobile technicians can come to your home to bleed your brakes, diagnose the Check Engine Light, and help you make the appropriate repairs to your car.

Soft brake pedal after replacing rear brakes and master cylinder 2003 Audi A4
ANSWER : Hello. If you have no pressure to the rear calipers at all and if the master cylinder is new then you may have forces some debris into the ABS unit when you compressed the pistons in the rear calipers. In some cases the system can be pressure bled to fix it but it may need a new ABS unit.

When accelerating after a complete stop, turning corners, coming to a complete stop or randomly when Parked a very odd vibrating
ANSWER : Hello, thank you for writing in. The vehicle may be suffering from several different issues. In this type of situation you want to start with the least complicated option, and work your way up. Start by making sure your tires are properly inflated, and have them balanced. Your brakes may be playing a role, and you will want to start by cleaning them off with some brake cleaner, and make sure nothing is stuck between the pad and the rotor. You can then raise the vehicle and manipulate the wheel looking for excess play, damaged axles and joints, and damaged wheel bearings. From there you may need to look into the wheel assembly itself and make sure there is nothing mechanically wrong, dirty, or damaged. For more help diagnosing or resolving the vibration issue, contact our service department to schedule an appointment.